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Cleaning up a toxic legacy, clearing the way for a safer future

Leftover waste from defunct nuclear testing sites poses a danger to people and the environment. Meet the ÃÛÌÒÖ±²¥ experts who help dispose of radioactive waste and develop new anti-contamination methods for our country.

Nuclear waste

The Atomic Age

In the 20th century, a push for nuclear weapons granted the U.S. a massive amount of power on the world’s stage. The development and deployment of these weapons left an impact on history during World War II and the Cold War. Since then, a continued dedication to nuclear energy has secured the United States’ position as a leader in the space.

Projects of epic proportions

Operations like the Manhattan Project, the first U.S. program to develop a nuclear weapon, were huge undertakings. Sites the size of cities were built around the country to host those working on the weapons, testing, nuclear reactors, and more. 

Dump truck hauling contaminated dirt

Facing toxic consequences

While the outcomes of these programs were world-changing, the byproducts are extremely hazardous. From groundwater contaminated with chemicals around testing sites to radioactive parts and equipment, the effects pose a serious risk to the environment, humans, and animals that inhabit it.

Across the country:

  • 107 sites

    used to refine nuclear materials during the atomic age.

  • 100 million gallons

    of high-level nuclear waste estimated to have been left behind.

  • 475 billion gallons

    of water was contaminated - 99% of it was groundwater.

    Department of Energy

Toxic waste and radiation can have frightening effects on our environment, food, and water, and their presence can introduce health risks for generations down the line.

How do Vanderbilt engineers help improve the clean-up process?

Three speakers from Vanderbilt at a conference

Vanderbilt x CRESP

Meet CRESP – The Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Objective: a group of universities and experts who aim to advance the cleanup of the nation’s nuclear weapons production waste sites and make sure future nuclear sites are as safe as possible.

Over the last 30 years, CRESP has saved between $100 and $200 billion in taxpayer dollars through smart engineering and efficiency.

Student in front of presentation poster.

How it happens

Scholars and experts in CRESP work together to provide objective, science-based advice to the government to guide its environmental management decisions. They make sure projects are efficient and safe, and set the next generation of engineers up for success.

Much of CRESP’s work focuses on remediating the toxic environments left behind by the Manhattan Project. Currently, they’re focused on four of the most contaminated sites:

  • Hanford in western Washington
  • Idaho National Laboratory
  • Savannah River in South Carolina
  • Ridge Reservation, outside Knoxville, Tennessee

As an independent government partner, the consortium is continuously consulting on past sites and future projects, building solutions, and educating and engaging those affected by Department of Energy actions.

In January 2025, the Department of Energy awarded Vanderbilt $37.5 Million for the next 5 years of CRESP projects.

30 years of collaboration. Making tangible change.

  • 14

    Department of Energy sites served

  • 20+

    major reports & reviews aiding the Department of Energy

  • 44

    multi-disciplinary research areas – engineering, sciences, social sciences & law

Building a safe nuclear future

As an unbiased government partner, CRESP conducts interdisciplinary research, assessments, education, and independent reviews – continuously consulting on clean-up projects and future builds.

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